肠外与肠内营养

三腔管在重症胰腺炎治疗中的应用

 

三腔管在重症胰腺炎治疗中的应甩关志勇,丁洪彬“(北镇市医院,辽宁北镇)摘要:目的探讨三腔营养管在重症急性胰腺炎(SAP)肠内营养(EN)中的应用价值。方法将40例SAP患者随机分成三腔组和对照组各20例,三腔组置入FRECA三腔喂养管(华瑞制药生产),一腔置于Trial’S韧带15—20 cm以下进行肠内营养,一腔置于胃内引流胃液,另一腔置入空肠充气预防营养液返流;对照组置普通胃肠营养管进行EN,观察两组临床指标。结果实验组与对照组差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),病死率5.0%(1/20)VS15%(3/20)(P>0.05)。结论对SAP患者行EN,应用三腔营养管,罗巳能使肠内营养有效,又能减轻胰腺负担,疗效较满意。关键词:三腔营养管;急性重症胰腺炎;肠内营养中图分类号:R657.5文献标志码:A文章编号:1674—0424(2009)03—0233—02Application ofThree——cave——nutrient——canal inTreatment ofSevereAcutePancreatitisGUANZhiyong,DINGHongbin(BeizhenHospital,BeizhenChina)Abstract:0bjectiveTo investigate the elinical contribution of the three.cave.nutrient.canal in enteral nutrition in severe acutePancreatitis(SAP).Methods40 patients withSAP were equated into two groups randomly.In the treatment group,the three·cave· nutrient—canal’S one end was placed in stomach to drain gastric juice,the other end was in jejun岫beyond the trial’S ligament20Clll tc give enteral nutrition,the third end was filled with gas to prevent nutrition’S back flow.But in the control group,the common stomacl: tube was placed in stomach to give nutrition.Their clinical indexes were observed.ResultsThe differences between the treaEraen£ group and the control group had statistical significance(P<0.05,P<0.01,P<0.001),except that fatalityWas5.0%(1,60)VS15%(3/20)(P>0.05).ConclusionsThe three—cave—nutrient—canal in enteral nutrition in severe acute pancreatitis can not only rest the pancreas but also give enteral nutrition,therefore,the clinical effect is very satisfactory.Key words:three—cave—nutrient.callal;severe acute pancreatitis;enteral nutrition重症急性胰腺炎(severe acute pancreatitis,SAP)约占急性胰腺炎(acute pancreatifis,AP)的20%~30%…,是一种严重的急腹症,其病程长,并发症多,病死率高达10%~30%…“3_”“。肠内营养(enteral nutrition,EN)在国内外应用效果良好,主要方式为经鼻胃管、鼻肠管、胃造瘘管和空肠造瘘管,四种方式均存在胃液不能有效引流的问题,后两种方式还增加创伤,患者生活护理不便。应用FRECA三腔喂养管对SAP患者进行EN,简便、易行、安全、有效,引流胃液与肠内营养合二为一。 l资料与方法1.1一般资料2000年3月至2007年5月在我院外科收治的SAP患者40例,病史均在发病3天内。人院时采用中华医学会消化病学分会制订的《中国急性胰腺炎诊治指南》诊断标准旧’,均诊断为SAP。随机分成三腔组(20例)和对照组(20例),经胃肠营养管行EN,其余与三腔组一致)。所有病例均完成EN,临床资料完整。三腔组中男7例,女13例;年龄38~72岁,平均(43.3-4-6.5)岁,胆源性胰腺炎18例,酗酒或高脂饮食相关性胰腺炎2例;急性生理及慢性健康状况评估系统(acute physiology and chro- nic health evaluation,APACHEⅡ)评分9.2±1.1;Balthaza cT严重指数(CT severity index,CTSI)评分5.4±1.7;合并高血压2例,合并糖尿病1例,合并冠心病1例。对照组男5例,女15例;年龄36~68岁,平均(43.4士5.2』岁。胆源性胰腺炎19例,酗酒或高脂饮食相关性胰腺炎l例;APACHEⅡ评分9.3±2.8;BaltharzaCT评分5.6±1.6;合并高血压2例,合并糖尿病1例,合并冠心病3例。两组各项指标均经t检验差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).具有可比性。1.2置管方法三腔组经十二指肠镜将三腔喂养管的营养管置入Trial’S韧带以下超过20 am处,EN液瑞素(Fresub— ine,华瑞制药生产)及中药经营养管注入上段空肠,气囊适度充气防营养液返流,引流管置入胃腔接胃肠减压器行持续胃肠减压;对照组常规方法置胃肠营养管于胃内,行注入EN液及中药。1.3治疗方法三腔组:患者入院后立即按上述方法置管,行持续胃肠减压。先给予自制中药“大承气汤”自鼻胆管注入,大承气汤灌肠通里攻下,丹参酮改善微循环。待肠道通畅,微循环稳定后开始EN,EN液经鼻胆管注入(先24 h持续滴注,肠道耐受后改为间断滴注),采用逐渐作者简介:关志勇(1972)。男,辽宁省北镇市人,主治医师,学士学位,主要研究方向为普外科疾病诊断与治疗。